The sphincter pupillae is controlled by the __________ division of the nervous system. Place the following labels in order indicating the passage of sound waves through the ear and hearing apparatus starting outside the ear. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. c. Malleus They can also be classified functionally on the basis of the transduction of stimuli, or how the mechanical stimulus, light, or chemical changed the cell membrane potential. 1. endolymph of cochlear duct What is commonly referred to as touch involves more than one kind of stimulus and more than one kind of receptor. They are rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors that sense deep transient (but not prolonged) pressure and high-frequency vibration. 4 - Ossicles Which type of receptors do not exhibit adaptation? __________ of the eye is receded into the orbit. A part of the auditory pathway responsible for auditory reflexes is the A pressure receptor in the skin could be classified as a (n) ______ a. interoceptor. Treated by convex lens. 2. Somatosensation is considered a general sense, as opposed to the submodalities discussed in this section. d. basilar membrane and vestibular membrane. b. Lacrimal sac Can an ultrasound detect placental . However, these are not all of the senses. Which structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes? a. hair cells covered by an otolithic membrane Sensory receptors in the utricle detect the position of the: __________ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. c - Inferior colliculus In 2009, an eruption threw solid volcanic rocks that landed 1km1 \mathrm{~km}1km horizontally from the crater. 2) Lacrimal canaliculus The sensory receptors in the skin are: Mechanoreceptors Ruffini's end organ (skin stretch) End-bulbs of Krause (Cold) Meissner's corpuscle (changes in texture, slow vibrations) Pacinian corpuscle (deep pressure, fast vibrations) Merkel's disc (sustained touch and pressure) Free nerve endings thermoreceptor nociceptors chemoreceptors The lamellar corpuscles (also known as Pacinian corpuscles) in the skin and fascia detect rapid vibrations (of about 200-300 Hz). Finally, a proprioceptor is a receptor located near a moving part of the body, such as a muscle or joint capsule, that interprets the positions of the tissues as they move. 5 - A pressure wave in the endolymph of the cochlear duct displaces a specific region of the basilar membrane. What chamber is between the iris and cornea? Different types of stimuli from varying sources are received and changed into the electrochemical signals of the nervous system. 4. Pacini corpuscles are found in both glabrous and hairy skin. In this chapter we will discuss the general senses which include pain, temperature, touch, pressure, vibration and proprioception. They will respond to the stimulus as long as it persists, and produce a continuous frequency of action potentials. b. a. the pupil size is too narrow. d. Cone Which cells of the dermis detect pressure? This is because 5. There are four primary tactile mechanoreceptors in human skin: Merkels disks, Meissners corpuscles, Ruffini endings, and Pacinian corpuscle; two are located toward the surface of the skin and two are located deeper. The relative density of pressure receptors in different locations on the body can be demonstrated experimentally using a two-point discrimination test. has no output arguments. a. cochlea. _____ corpuscles in the dermis detect pressure, whereas _____ corpuscles in the dermis detect fine touch. They involve special tiny organs. This allows sodium ions to flow into the cell, creating a receptor potential. b. Ca 2+ Posterior one-third of the tongue and the superior pharynx - Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 6 - Scala vestibuli Pacinian corpuscles detect rapid vibrations (about 200-300 Hz). What structure makes up the posterior portion of the fibrous tunic? Thus, they also contribute to proprioception and kinesthesia. Receptor cells can be further categorized on the basis of the type of stimuli they transduce. What do stretch receptors do? Such stretch receptors can also prevent over-contraction of a muscle. Light touch is transduced by the encapsulated endings known as tactile (Meissners) corpuscles. c. A short eyeball Meissners corpuscles respond to touch and low-frequency vibration. Sound waves are funneled into the ears by the: True or False: Astigmatism is also called farsightedness. What type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? b. Receptors are the structures (and sometimes whole cells) that detect sensations. Pacinian corpuscles (seen in Figure4) are located deep in the dermis of both glabrous and hairy skin and are structurally similar to Meissners corpuscles; they are found in the bone periosteum, joint capsules, pancreas and other viscera, breast, and genitals. It dissociates rhodopsin and changes 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal. As the number of cycles per second increases, the sound we perceive Blood-sucking insects use thermoreception to detect their host, thermoreceptors present in the pit organ of the viper helps them locate their prey. Tympanic membrane -Tensor tympani muscle - LIGHT. Trans-retinal is reconverted to cis-retinal Note that these warmth detectors are situated deeper in the skin than are the cold detectors. Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and __________. What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? Free nerve endings are usually found in the: The semicircular canals are continuous in the: The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the: - Semicircular canals a. Which of the following are functions of the inner ear? Specific types of receptors called __________ detect stimuli in the internal organs. Nociceptors are sensory receptors that detect signals from damaged tissue or the threat of damage and indirectly also respond to chemicals released from the damaged tissue. 7 - The cochlear branch of CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) is stimulated. e. Tensor tympani muscle The nasolacrimal duct is found on the __________ side of the nose. These are slow-adapting, encapsulated mechanoreceptors that detect skin stretch and deformations within joints; they provide valuable feedback for gripping objects and controlling finger position and movement. These sensory receptors are known as the cutaneous receptors and they are found in the epidermis and dermis of the skin. detect vibration, deep touch. a. gets louder. : *Pinna outer Structures apart of inner, middle, or outer ear? Touch receptors are denser in glabrous skin (the type found on human fingertips and lips, for example), which is typically more sensitive and is thicker than hairy skin (4 to 5 mm versus 2 to 3 mm). There are multiple types of mechanoreceptors in the skin that are activated by different types of touch stimuli The receptive field size differs among the types of mechanoreceptors The adaptation rate differs among the types of mechanoreceptors Receptive field is a region of skin that activate a given mechanoreceptor : *Stapes *Tensor tympani muscle middle Structures apart of inner, middle, or outer ear? d - Cochlear nucleus Wed love your input. a. small - Vallate What are the sense receptors for each of the 5 senses? what type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? Meissner's corpuscles detect changes in texture (vibrations around 50 Hz) and adapt rapidly. Two types of somatosensory signals that are transduced by free nerve endings are pain and temperature. a) Vibration. This redesigned and updated new edition offers a comprehensive introductory survey of basic clinical health care skills for learners entering health care programs or for those that think they may be interested in pursuing a career in health care. There are three classes of mechanoreceptors: tactile, proprioceptors, and baroreceptors. Indicate whether the given structure is located in the outer, middle, or inner ear. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of sensory receptors that extend from the central nervous system (CNS) to communicate with other parts of the body. The papillae that are fewest in number, but contain the most taste buds, are the _________ papillae. Olfaction is also known as remote __________. { "36.01:_Sensory_Processes_-_Reception" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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